How to choose a robotic CNC solution - A comprehensive guide

Understand your needs

Before you even begin to browse through robotic CNC catalogs, it's essential to evaluate what exactly you need the robot to do. Are you cutting metal, milling wood, or perhaps engraving detailed designs? 

The type of operation not only influences the kind of robot you choose but also affects elements like the software you'll need and the precision levels necessary for optimal functionality.

Also, CNC robots come in various sizes and capacities. If you’re running a large-scale operation requiring high throughput, you’ll need one that can keep up with the pace. Or if you are in aerospace, you need one with higher precision than normal.

Practical steps: 

• List down the specific tasks you want the robot to perform.
• Match these tasks with the capabilities of different types of robotic CNC solutions available.
• Estimate your production volume in terms of units produced per day or hour.
• Cross-reference these numbers with the capacities of prospective machines.
•  Define the level of precision you need in terms of measurements—such as micrometers or millimeters.
• Check the specs of potential machines to ensure they meet these precision criteria.

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Assess the types of CNC robots

So you've assessed your needs and have a clearer picture of what you're looking for. The next logical step is to explore the types of robotic CNC solutions that could fit the bill. There are three main types of CNC robots:

Cartesian robots

Cartesian or Gantry robots operate on three linear axes: X, Y, and Z. They’re known for their straightforward, grid-like movements, which make them ideal for tasks like pick and place, assembly, and simple machining. If your operations demand linear movements and don't require complex arm rotations, a Cartesian robot could be your go-to choice.

SCARA robots

SCARA stands for Selective Compliance Assembly Robot Arm. These robots excel in horizontal movements and are widely used in applications like high-speed assembly and sorting. However, they have limitations in vertical movements, making them less ideal for tasks requiring intricate three-dimensional motion.

Articulated robots

Articulated robots offer a range of movement that is closest to a human arm, with rotational joints that allow for increased flexibility. They are incredibly versatile and can handle tasks from welding to painting to material handling. If your operations demand a variety of tasks and a high level of dexterity, an Articulated robot might be the solution for you.

Practical steps: 

• Check whether the tasks you’ve listed in step 1 require only straightforward, linear movements or complex, rotational movements.
• Check your workspace layout to know what type of robot will fit seamlessly.
• Measure the speed required for your tasks.

Consider the costs

Cost is often the elephant in the room when it comes to implementing new technology. Before you invest in a CNC robot, you need to take a closer look at both initial and ongoing costs to gauge if the investment is justifiable for your business. 

The upfront cost is usually the first thing that catches your eye. This includes not just the price of the machine itself but also any additional hardware or software required for integration. High initial costs might seem scary, but it’s important to weigh them against the long-term benefits.

Ongoing operational costs include electricity, maintenance, and the cost of consumables. These might seem minor but can add up over time. Make sure you account for these when calculating the overall investment.

Calculating the Return on investment (ROI) gives you a more holistic view of the financial aspect. You need to consider not just the cost but also the anticipated benefits, such as increased productivity or reduced labor costs.

Practical steps: 

• Collect quotes from multiple vendors to get a range of options.
• Consider potential financing solutions or leasing options if upfront costs are a concern.
• Calculate an estimated monthly or annual operational cost based on vendor specifications and include these in your overall budget planning.
• Factor in improvements like faster production cycles or reduced waste to estimate ROI.
• Use these metrics to decide if the investment makes sense in the longer term.

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Check the robot’s compatibility with your operations

So you’ve nailed down your needs, picked a type of robot, and crunched the numbers on costs. The next step is to ensure that this new piece of machinery will fit—both literally and metaphorically—into your existing operations.

Whether you’re integrating a robotic CNC into an existing system or starting from scratch, software compatibility is key. It’s what allows you to seamlessly control the machine and obtain metrics that are crucial for performance evaluation.

Beyond software, the physical aspects of integration can’t be overlooked. The robot must be compatible with your existing machinery and fit into the available workspace. Also, your team might need to understand how to operate the machinery safely and efficiently.

Practical steps: 

• Check if the robot’s software is compatible with your existing systems or requires an upgrade.
• Consider the user interface and ease of use. Will your team be able to adapt quickly?
• Measure the physical dimensions of the area where the robot will be placed.
• Verify the robotic CNC’s technical requirements to ensure compatibility with existing machinery.
• Identify what training will be necessary for your team.
• Check if the vendor offers training support or if you’ll need to seek third-party resources.

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Evaluate safety measures

When integrating a CNC robot into your workspace, it's not just about speed, efficiency, and cost-saving. Safety is paramount. Any form of automation introduces its own set of risks, and a CNC environment is no exception.

CNC robots often involve rapid movements and high-force actions. Safety barriers can isolate the robot and protect workers from accidental contact. Make sure that your chosen solution includes easily accessible and clearly marked emergency stop buttons. The ability to quickly and safely stop a machine is crucial in emergency situations.

While technology does a lot of the work, human oversight is often still needed. Proper training ensures that operators can manage the machinery safely and respond to any issues that may arise.

Practical steps: 

• Determine the type and extent of barriers needed, such as fences or light curtains.
• Make sure your safety measures comply with industry safety standards.
• Confirm that emergency stop functions are part of the robot’s design.
• Train your team on how and when to use these features.
• Incorporate safety procedures into operator training.
• Periodically review and update safety training as needed.

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Conclusion

The ultimate goal of choosing a robotic CNC solution is to find a solution that not only meets your operational requirements but also serves as a long-term asset for your business. So, don’t cut corners on any of the important things to look out for.

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Next steps

If you are looking for a CNC robot that checks all the boxes in this guide, then you should check out RO1 by Standard Bots. It is a very affordable CNC robot built and assembled in the US.

• RO1 integrates directly with conveyors, 7th-Axis slides, linear actuators, vertical lifts, and safety devices, offering a comprehensive tending solution.
• It supports a wide range of tending tasks and scenarios and fits easily into your existing CNC setups.
• It has advanced sensors and safety features to ensure a safe and risk-free CNC tending environment.

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Speak to our solutions team to get started.